Journal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis
Volume 2004 (2004), Issue 1, Pages 1-8
doi:10.1155/S1048953304302017
    
    
    Essential 𝒰cκ-type maps and
Birkhoff-Kellogg theorems
    
    1Department of Mathematical Sciences,  Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne  32901-6975, FL, USA
2Department of Mathematics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
    
    
    
    Received 10 February 2003; Revised 15 September 2003
    	
    
       
    Copyright © 2004 R. P. Agarwal and Donal  O'Regan. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
     
    
    
   
 
Abstract
We present a new continuation theorem for
𝒰cκ-type maps. The analysis is elementary
and relies on properties of retractions and fixed point theory
for self-maps. Also we present some Birkhoff-Kellogg type
theorems on invariant directions.